|
Neil E. Levin, CCN, DANLA
01/31/05
LIKELY USERS: People wanting to
control body fat; People wanting to increase their
body’s lean mass (muscle tissue); People wanting an
oil that helps to reduce pro-inflammatory body
chemicals; Those wanting to prevent undesirable
cellular changes through diet
KEY INGREDIENT (S): CLA from
safflower oil, L-Carnitine amino acid, Guarana Seed
extract (20% naturally occurring caffeine), Green
Tea extract (40% polyphenols), Chromium Picolinate
MAIN PRODUCT FEATURES: Conjugated
Linoleic Acid (CLA) is a derivative of linoleic
acid, an essential fatty acid. The softgel is
formulated with CLA (derived from safflower oil),
Green Tea extract (polyphenols), Guarana extract
(caffeine), L-Carnitine, and Chromium (III)
Picolinate for synergistic effects of reducing body
fat and increasing lean muscle mass.
OTHER IMPORTANT ISSUES: One study,
titled "Efficacy and Safety of One-Year
Supplementation with Conjugated linoleic Acid in
Moderate Overweight," found that compared to
placebo, CLA-supplemented subjects had Body Fat Mass
index scores averaging 9% lower than the placebo
group and had Lean Body Mass results showing lean
muscle mass averaging 2% more than the placebo
group. Analyses of blood tests showed no side
effects over this one-year period. CLA plus Guarana
reportedly reduces the size and number of fat cells
in another report. CLA may also reduce insulin
resistance and prevent undesirable cellular changes.
AMOUNT and HOW TO USE: One to five
capsules a day, preferably with meals.
SYNERGISTS: Alpha Lipoic Acid,
Vitamin E, other Antioxidants
CAUTIONS: CLA may reduce insulin
resistance, so people on blood sugar medications may
not need as much of their drugs. Use with caution to
avoid an overdose of your blood sugar medication
when using this oil. Please notify your physician
about your supplement use if you are using any
drugs!
REFERENCES:
Gaullier JM, Halse J, Hoye K, Kristiansen K,
Fagertun H, Vik H, Gudmundsen O. Conjugated linoleic
acid supplementation for 1 y reduces body fat mass
in healthy overweight humans. Am. J. Clin. Nutr.
79(6):1118–1125 (2004).
Tricon S, Burdge GC, Kew S, Banerjee T, Russell JJ,
Grimble RF, Williams CM, Calder PC, Yaqoob P.
Effects of cis-9,trans-11 and trans-1 0,cis-12
conjugated linoleic acid on immune cell function in
healthy humans. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 80(6):1626–1633
(2004).
Aminot-Gilchrist DV, Anderson HDI. Insulin
resistance-associated cardiovascular disease:
potential benefits of conjugated linoleic acid. Am.
J. Clin. Nutr. 79(6):1159S–1163S Suppl. S (2004).
Bassaganya-Riera J, Reynolds K, Martino-Catt S, Cui
YZ, Hennighausen L, Gonzalez F, Rohrer J,
Benninghoff AU, Hontecillas R. Activation of PPAR
gamma and delta by conjugated linoleic acid mediates
protection from experimental inflammatory bowel
disease. Gastroenterology 127(3):777–791 (2004).
Bergamo P, Luongo D, Rossi M. Conjugated linoleic
acid - Mediated apoptosis in Jurkat T cells involves
the production of reactive oxygen species. Cell
Physiol. Biochem. 14(1–2):57–64 (2004).
Bouthegourd JC, Martin JC, Gripois D, Roseau S, Tome
D, Even PC. Fat-depleted CLA-treated mice enter
torpor after a short period of fasting. Appetite
42(1):91–98 (2004).
Brown JM, Boysen MS, Chung S, Fabiyi O, Morrison RF,
Mandrup S, McIntosh MK. Conjugated linoleic acid
induces human adipocyte delipidation -
Autocrine/paracrine regulation of MEK/ERK signaling
by adipocytokines. J. Biol. Chem.
279(25):26735–26747 (2004).
Cheng WL, Lii CK, Chen HW, Lin TH, Liu KL.
Contribution of conjugated linoleic acid to the
suppression of inflammatory responses through the
regulation of the NF-kappa B pathway. J. Agric. Food
Chem. 52(1):71–78 (2004).
Choi JS, Jung MH, Park HS, Song JY. Effect of
conjugated linoleic acid isomers on insulin
resistance and mRNA levels of genes regulating
energy metabolism in high-fat-fed rats. Nutrition
20(11–12):1008–1017 (2004).
Cortes HN. CLA and body composition: Research shows
conjugated linoleic acid can help maintain a healthy
balance between lean muscle and body fat. Agro Food
Industry Hi Tech 15(2):49–51 (2004).
Dauchy RT, Dauchy EM, Sauer LA, Blask DE, Davidson
LK, Krause JA, Lynch DT. Differential inhibition of
fatty acid transport in tissue-isolated steroid
receptor negative human breast cancer xenografts
perfused in situ with isomers of conjugated linoleic
acid. Cancer Lett. 209(1):7–15 (2004).
Eyjolfson V, Spriet LL, Dyck DJ. Conjugated linoleic
acid improves insulin sensitivity in young,
sedentary humans. Med. Sci. Sport Exercise
36(5):814–820 (2004).
Field CJ, Schley PD. Evidence for potential
mechanisms for the effect of conjugated linoleic
acid on tumor metabolism and immune function:
lessons from n-3 fatty acids. Am. J. Clin. Nutr.
79(6):1190S-1198S Suppl. S (2004).
Hirao A, Yamasaki M, Chujo H, Koyanagi N, Kanouchi
H, Yasuda S, Matsuo A, Nishida E, Rikimaru T,
Tsujita E, Shimada M, Maehara Y, Tachibana H, Yamada
K. Effect of dietary conjugated linoleic acid on
liver regeneration after a partial hepatectomy in
rats. J. Nutr. Sci. Vitaminol. 50(1):9–12 (2004).
Inoue N, Nagao K, Hirata J, Wang YM, Yanagita T.
Conjugated linoleic acid prevents the development of
essential hypertension in spontaneously hypertensive
rats. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 323(2):679–684
(2004).
Kritchevsky D, Tepper SA, Wright S, Czarnecki SK,
Wilson TA, Nicolosi RJ. Conjugated linoleic acid
isomer effects in atherosclerosis: Growth and
regression of lesions. Lipids 39(7):611–616 (2004).
Lamarche B, Desroches S. Metabolic syndrome and
effects of conjugated linoleic acid in obesity and
lipoprotein disorders: the Quebec experience. Am. J.
Clin. Nutr. 79(6):1149S–1152S Suppl. S (2004).
Malpuech-Brugere C, Verboeket-van de Venne WPHG,
Mensink RP, Arnal MA, Morio B, Brandolini M, Saebo
A, Lassel TS, Chardigny JM, Sebedio JL, Beaufrere B.
Effects of two conjugated linoleic acid isomers on
body fat mass in overweight humans. Obesity Res.
12(4):591–598 (2004).
McCann SE, Ip C, Ip MM, McGuire MK, Muti P, Edge SB,
Trevisan M, Freudenheim JL. Dietary intake of
conjugated linoleic acids and risk of premenopausal
and postmenopausal breast cancer, Western New York
Exposures and Breast Cancer Study (WEB study).
Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prevent.
13(9):1480–1484 (2004).
Moloney F, Yeow TP, Mullen A, Nolan JJ, Roche HM.
Conjugated linoleic acid supplementation, insulin
sensitivity, and lipoprotein metabolism in patients
with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Am. J. Clin. Nutr.
80(4):887–895 (2004).
Ochoa JJ, Farquharson AJ, Grant I, Moffat LE, Heys
SD, Wahle KWJ. Conjugated linoleic acids (CLAs)
decrease prostate cancer cell proliferation:
different molecular mechanisms for cis-9, trans-11
and trans-10, cis-12 isomers. Carcinogenesis
25(7):1185–1191 (2004).
O'Shea M. Clarinol(TM) CLA (Conjugated Linoleic
Acid): the weight of evidence supports a safe and
efficacious product for weight management. Agro Food
Industry Hi-Tech 15(4):24–26 (2004).
O'Shea M, Bassaganya-Riera J, Mohede ICM,
Immunomodulatory properties of conjugated linoleic
acid. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 79(6):1199S–1206S Suppl. S
(2004).
Rainer L, Heiss CJ. Conjugated linoleic acid: Health
implications and effects on body composition. J. Am.
Dietetic Assoc. 104(6):963–968 (2004). |