It is a sad fact that the very hormones we need to stay young can cause adverse effects as we age. Consumption of cruciferous vegetables, however, can favorably alter one's hormone profile. Scientists have identified specific extracts from cruciferous vegetables (broccoli, cauliflower, Brussels sprouts, etc.) that modulate hormones in a way to help maintain healthy cell division. For instance, animal studies have shown that the cruciferous vegetable extract indole-3-carbinol (I3C) modulates estrogen hormones by favorably changing the ratio of protective 2-hydroxyestrone versus the damaging 16-hydroxyestrone. Indole-3-carbinol also induces phase I and II detoxifying enzymes that can help neutralize estrogen metabolites and xenobiotic estrogen-like environmental chemicals. Human studies support the beneficial role of I3C in positively altering estrogen metabolism. Di-indoyl-methane (DIM), a phytonutrient found in cruciferous vegetables, has been shown in animal studies to help maintain normal levels of a potentially damaging estrogen called 4-hydroxyestrone. The glucosinolates are major constituents of cruciferous vegetables that have been shown to promote normal apoptosis and induce the expression of the beneficial p53 gene via an estrogen-independent action. Watercress contains isothiocyanates, but in a broader spectrum than does broccoli. The primary isothiocyanate precursor (PEiTC) in watercress functions via four specific mechanisms to maintain healthy cell division. Extracts from rosemary enhance liver metabolism of estradiol and estrone, inhibits the formation of DNA adducts, and have been shown to impede estrogen-induced growth promotion in certain tissues. Based on a growing body of evidence that cruciferous vegetable extracts (in addition to I3C) provide bountiful health benefits, Life Extension has reformulated its I3C supplements to more closely resemble what one would obtain from a vegetable-rich diet. For those weighing less than 160 pounds, just one capsule per day of Dual-Action Cruciferous Vegetable Extract with Resveratrol provides optimal potencies. Those weighing over 160 pounds should consider taking one capsule twice a day.